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英语句子成分及结构句子成分主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、表语 一．主语 主语： 主语 a mooncake is a delicious, round cake. i don’t know if it will grow. one of them is english. to win the game is difficult. 二. 谓语 谓语: i saw a girl. i love you. you should work hard. you had better take a bus. 三．宾语 宾语 i saw a cat in the tree. we think you are right. my father bought me a book. we call him laowang. we find the little girl in the hill. 四．定语 定语 that is a beautiful flower. this is my book,not your book. i have a lot of things to do. 五．状语 状语 he is playing under the tree.（地点） ten years ago, she began to live in dalian.(时间) the house is dirty for the reason that he didn’t clean it.(原因) he buys a gift to make her happy.（目地） if i am not busy tomorrow, i will play football with you. （条件） 六.表语 表语 these desks are yellow. we are happy now. my work is teaching english, it sounds good. it smells nice. 句子结构 (s＝主语；v＝谓语；p＝表语；o＝宾语；o1＝间接宾语；o2＝直接宾语；c＝宾语补足语) 主谓结构| vi.） 一 ． s 十 v 主谓结构 | （ vi. ） i 主 swim. 谓 they listened carefully． my homework has finished. 主谓宾结构(vt.) 二 ． s 十 v 十 o 主谓宾结构 (vt.) i saw a film yesterday . 主 谓 宾 they found their home easily they have taken good care of the children ． 主系表结构（ 系动词） 三 ． s 十 v 十 f 主系表结构 （ 系动词 ） is,look ________________________________________________________+形容词 he is old. 主 系动 表语 the story sounds interesting. 主 系动词 表语 the desk feels hard he becomes a teacher． the trees turn yellow in the autumn. 四 ． s 十 v 十 o1 十 o2 主谓双宾结构 give，ask_________________________________________________________sb sth he gave me a book. 主 谓 宾1 宾2 he brought me a pen he offered me his seat he got me a chair 五 ． s 十 v 十 o 十 c 主谓宾补结构 they made the girl angry. 主 谓 宾 宾补 they found her happy that day． i saw him in. i heard the glass broken just now
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主语（subject）: 句子说明的人或事物。
the sun rises in the east. （名词） he likes dancing. （代词）
twenty years is a short time in history. (数词) seeing is believing. （动名词）
to see is to believe. （不定式） what he needs is a book. （主语从句）
it is very clear that the elephant is round and tall like a tree. （it形式主语，主语从句是真正主语）
谓语（predicate）: 说明主语的动作、状态和特征。
we study english. he is asleep.
表语（predicative）: 系动词之后的成分，表示主语的性质、状态和特征。共3页，当前第1页123
